How are societal roles structured based on genetic status in GATTACA?

In the universe of GATTACA, societal roles are primarily determined by genetic predictability. This means that individuals are judged and assigned roles in society based on their DNA and the traits it predicts, rather than on personal achievements, appearances, or economic status. The film illustrates a future where genetic engineering creates a divide between those who are genetically "designed" to be superior in various traits, such as intelligence and physical ability, and those who are not.

This genetic tracking leads to discrimination and a rigid social structure where people's potential and roles—such as career opportunities and life prospects—are heavily influenced by their genetic background rather than their individual efforts or skills. The protagonist, Vincent, who is "invalid" due to his natural birth, struggles against this societal norm, seeking to overcome the limitations imposed on him by his DNA. His journey highlights the film's critique of a society that values genetic determinism over personal merit or character.